For finding fault with them, he saith, Behold, the days come, saith the Lord, when I will make a new covenant with the {c} house of Israel and with the house of Judah:

(c) He calls it a house, as it were one family of the whole kingdom: for while the kingdom of David was divided into two sections, the Prophet would have us understand that through the new Testament they shall be joined together again in one.

People's New Testament

8:8 Behold, I will make a new covenant. By the mouth of Jeremiah (Jer 31:31-34), the Lord declared that he would make a New Covenant which would take the place of the Old Covenant. This shows that the Old did not meet the full needs of men.

Wesley's Notes

8:8 But there is; for finding fault with them - Who were under the old covenant he saith, I make a new covenant with the house of Israel - With all the Israel of God, in all ages and nations. It is new in many respects, though not as to the substance of it: Being ratified by the death of Christ. Freed from those burdensome rites and ceremonies. Containing a more full and clear account of spiritual religion. Attended with larger influences of the Spirit Extended to all men. And, Never to be abolished. Jer 31:31, and c.

Scofield Reference Notes

[1] new

The New Covenant, Summary:

(1) "Better" than the Mosaic covenant not morally, but efficaciously Heb 7:19 Rom 8:3,4.

(2) Established on "better" (i.e. unconditional) promises. In the Mosaic Covenant God said, "If ye will" Ex 19:5, in the New Covenant He says, "I will" Heb 8:10,12.

(3) Under the Mosaic Covenant obedience sprang from fear Heb 2:2 12:25-27 under the New from a willing heart and mind Heb 8:10.

(4) The New Covenant secures the personal revelation of the Lord to every believer Heb 8:11.

(5) the complete oblivion of sins Heb 8:12 10:17 10:3.

(6) rests upon an accomplished redemption Mt 26:27,28 1Cor 11:25 Heb 9:11,12,18-23.

(7) and secures the perpetuity, future conversion, and blessing of Israel. Jer 31:31-40. See also "Kingdom (O.T.)," and 2Sam 7:8-17.

The New Covenant is the eighth, thus speaking of resurrection and of eternal completeness.

[2] Covenant

I. The Eight Covenants, Summary:

(1) The Edenic Covenant See Scofield Note: "Gen 1:26"conditioned the life of man in innocency.

(2) The Adamic Covenant See Scofield Note: "Gen 3:14" conditions the life of fallen man and gives promise of a Redeemer.

(3) The Noahic Covenant See Scofield Note: "Gen 9:1". establishes the principle of human government.

(4) The Abrahamic Covenant See Scofield Note: "Gen 15:18" founds the nation of Israel, and confirms, with specific additions, the Adamic promise of redemption.

(5) The Mosaic Covenant See Scofield Note: "Ex 19:25". condemns all men, "for that all have sinned."

(6) The Palestinian Covenant See Scofield Note: "Dt 30:3" secures the final restoration and conversion of Israel.

(7) The Davidic Covenant See Scofield Note: "2Sam 7:16" establishes the perpetuity of the Davidic family (fulfilled in Christ, Mt 1:1 Lk 1:31-33, Rom 1:3 and of the Davidic kingdom, over Israel, and over the whole earth; to be fulfilled in and by Christ 2Sam 7:8-17 Zech 12:8 Lk 1:31-33 Acts 15:14-17 1Cor 15:24.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

8. finding fault with them-the people of the old covenant, who were not made "faultless" by it (Heb 8:7); and whose disregard of God's covenant made Him to "regard them not" (Heb 8:9). The law is not in itself blamed, but the people who had not observed it.

he saith-(Jer 31:31-34; compare Eze 11:19; 36:25-27). At Rama, the headquarters of Nebuzar-adan, whither the captives of Jerusalem had been led, Jeremiah uttered this prophecy of Israel's restoration under another David, whereby Rachel, wailing for her lost children, shall be comforted; literally in part fulfilled at the restoration under Zerubbabel, and more fully to be hereafter at Israel's return to their own land; spiritually fulfilled in the Gospel covenant, whereby God forgives absolutely His people's sins, and writes His law by His Spirit on the hearts of believers, the true Israel. "This prophecy forms the third part of the third trilogy of the three great trilogies into which Jeremiah's prophecies may be divided: Jeremiah 21-25, against the shepherds of the people; Jeremiah 26-29, against the false prophets; Jeremiah 30 and 31, the book of restoration" [Delitzsch in Alford].

Behold, the days come-the frequent formula introducing a Messianic prophecy.

make-Greek, "perfect"; "consummate." A suitable expression as to the new covenant, which perfected what the old could not (compare end of Heb 8:9, with end of Heb 8:10).

Israel . Judah-Therefore, the ten tribes, as well as Judah, share in the new covenant. As both shared the exile, so both shall share the literal and spiritual restoration.

Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary

8:7-13 The superior excellence of the priesthood of Christ, above that of Aaron, is shown from that covenant of grace, of which Christ was Mediator. The law not only made all subject to it, liable to be condemned for the guilt of sin, but also was unable to remove that guilt, and clear the conscience from the sense and terror of it. Whereas, by the blood of Christ, a full remission of sins was provided, so that God would remember them no more. God once wrote his laws to his people, now he will write his laws in them; he will give them understanding to know and to believe his laws; he will give them memories to retain them; he will give them hearts to love them, courage to profess them, and power to put them in practice. This is the foundation of the covenant; and when this is laid, duty will be done wisely, sincerely, readily, easily, resolutely, constantly, and with comfort. A plentiful outpouring of the Spirit of God will make the ministration of the gospel so effectual, that there shall be a mighty increase and spreading of Christian knowledge in persons of all sorts. Oh that this promise might be fulfilled in our days, that the hand of God may be with his ministers so that great numbers may believe, and be turned to the Lord! The pardon of sin will always be found to accompany the true knowledge of God. Notice the freeness of this pardon; its fulness; its fixedness. This pardoning mercy is connected with all other spiritual mercies: unpardoned sin hinders mercy, and pulls down judgments; but the pardon of sin prevents judgment, and opens a wide door to all spiritual blessings. Let us search whether we are taught by the Holy Spirit to know Christ, so as uprightly to love, fear, trust, and obey him. All worldly vanities, outward privileges, or mere notions of religion, will soon vanish away, and leave those who trust in them miserable for ever.