| Geneva Study Bible Neither, because they are the seed of Abraham, are they all children: {4} but, In {i} Isaac shall thy seed be called. (4) The first proof is taken from the example of Abraham's own house, in which Isaac only was considered the son, and that by God's ordinance: although Ishmael also was born of Abraham, and circumcised before Isaac. (i) Isaac will be your true and natural son, and therefore heir of the blessing. People's New Testament 9:7 Neither, because they are the seed of Abraham, are they all children. Abraham had other children beside Isaac, notably Ishmael, but none of these belonged to the chosen people, for it was said, In Isaac shall thy seed be called. See Ge 21:12. Wesley's Notes 9:7 Neither because they are lineally the seed of Abraham, will it follow that they are all children of God - This did not hold even in Abraham's own family; and much less in his remote descendants. But God then said, In Isaac shall thy seed be called - That is, Isaac, not Ishmael, shall be called thy seed; that seed to which the promise is made. Scofield Reference Notes Margin children Also Rom 9:8. Gr. teknon, child. See Scofield Note: "Rom 8:16" Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary 7-9. Neither, because they are the seed of Abraham, are they all children-"Not in the line of mere fleshly descent from Abraham does the election run; else Ishmael, Hagar's child, and even Keturah's children, would be included, which they were not." but-the true election are such of Abraham's seed as God unconditionally chooses, as exemplified in that promise. in Isaac shall thy seed be called-(Ge 21:12). Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary 9:6-13 The rejection of the Jews by the gospel dispensation, did not break God's promise to the patriarchs. The promises and threatenings shall be fulfilled. Grace does not run in the blood; nor are saving benefits always found with outward church privileges. Not only some of Abraham's seed were chosen, and others not, but God therein wrought according to the counsel of his own will. God foresaw both Esau and Jacob as born in sin, by nature children of wrath even as others. If left to themselves they would have continued in sin through life; but for wise and holy reasons, not made known to us, he purposed to change Jacob's heart, and to leave Esau to his perverseness. This instance of Esau and Jacob throws light upon the Divine conduct to the fallen race of man. The whole Scripture shows the difference between the professed Christian and the real believer. Outward privileges are bestowed on many who are not the children of God. There is, however, full encouragement to diligent use of the means of grace which God has appointed. | 
