| Geneva Study Bible Brethren, {1} my heart's desire and prayer to God for Israel is, that they might be saved. (1) Purposing to set forth in the Jews an example of marvellous obstinacy, he uses this declaration. People's New Testament 10:1 The Jews Excluded from Unbelief SUMMARY OF ROMANS 10: Paul's Desire for Israel. The Jews Zealous, but Not According to Knowledge. They Seek a Righteousness of Their Own Rather Than God's Plan. of Righteousness. The Righteousness by Faith Described. Shown to Be for Gentiles As Well As Jews. Hence, the Gospel Must Be Preached to All Men. The Unbelief of the Jews Predicted by the Prophets. Brethren. The brethren refers to his countrymen, his Jewish kinsmen, brethren according to the flesh, in Ro 9:3. Here it means his brethren in Christ, those united by spiritual ties. My heart's desire and prayer to God for Israel. Concerning Paul's deep solicitude for the salvation of his countrymen. See Ro 9:1-3. Wesley's Notes 10:1 My prayer to God is, that they may be saved - He would not have prayed for this, had they been absolutely reprobated. Scofield Reference Notes Margin saved See Scofield Note: "Rom 1:16". Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary CHAPTER 10 Ro 10:1-21. Same Subject Continued-How Israel Came to Miss Salvation, and the Gentiles to Find It. 1. Brethren, my heart's desire-The word here expresses "entire complacency," that in which the heart would experience full satisfaction. and prayer-"supplication." to God for Israel-"for them" is the true reading; the subject being continued from the close of the preceding chapter. is, that they may be saved-"for their salvation." Having before poured forth the anguish of his soul at the general unbelief of his nation and its dreadful consequences (Ro 9:1-3), he here expresses in the most emphatic terms his desire and prayer for their salvation. Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary 10:1-4 The Jews built on a false foundation, and refused to come to Christ for free salvation by faith, and numbers in every age do the same in various ways. The strictness of the law showed men their need of salvation by grace, through faith. And the ceremonies shadowed forth Christ as fulfilling the righteousness, and bearing the curse of the law. So that even under the law, all who were justified before God, obtained that blessing by faith, whereby they were made partakers of the perfect righteousness of the promised Redeemer. The law is not destroyed, nor the intention of the Lawgiver disappointed; but full satisfaction being made by the death of Christ for our breach of the law, the end is gained. That is, Christ has fulfilled the whole law, therefore whoever believeth in him, is counted just before God, as much as though he had fulfilled the whole law himself. Sinners never could go on in vain fancies of their own righteousness, if they knew the justice of God as a Governor, or his righteousness as a Saviour. | 
